Hydrocarbons are not the only compounds that can have carbon–carbon double bonds. To your health: saturated and unsaturated fats (For more information about alkanes, see section 3.3.) “Formulas and Molecular Models of the Three Simplest Alkanes” gives the formulas and the molecular models of the three simplest alkanes. Continuing, the stem prop– means three carbon atoms, so propane is an alkane with three carbon atoms. Similarly, the stem eth– means two carbon atoms ethane is an alkane with two carbon atoms. The stem meth– means one carbon atom, so methane is an alkane with one carbon atom. These names consist of a stem that indicates the number of carbon atoms in the chain plus the ending – ane. Each alkane has a characteristic, systematic name depending on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. These hydrocarbons are called alkanes (saturated hydrocarbons). Some hydrocarbons have only single bonds and appear as a chain (which can be a straight chain or can have branches) of carbon atoms also bonded to hydrogen atoms. The simplest organic compounds are the hydrocarbons, compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms only. By convention, compounds containing carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions, as well as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, are not considered part of organic chemistry, even though they contain carbon. Most organic chemicals are covalent compounds, which is why we introduce organic chemistry here. Nevertheless, all living things consist of organic compounds. It does not even appear in the list of the most common elements in Earth’s crust. Carbon atoms make a large number of covalent bonds (four).Ĭuriously, elemental carbon is not particularly abundant.Carbon atoms bond reasonably strongly with atoms of other elements. Carbon atoms bond reasonably strongly with other carbon atoms.Carbon is singled out because it has a chemical diversity unrivaled by any other chemical element. Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of carbon compounds. Identify organic molecules as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, or carboxylic acids.
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